Black Box Testing: A method of evaluating system functionality without any knowledge of its internal workings or structure. This approach views the system as a “black box,” focusing solely on input and output without concerning itself with internal behavior. It can be applied in various scenarios, including functional testing, integration testing, and system testing. In a security context, it is used in penetration testing to identify vulnerabilities or potential entry points for attacks, mimicking the approach of a potential external attacker.