Containerization: A lightweight form of virtualization that allows for the packaging and isolation of applications with their entire runtime environment—all of the necessary code, system tools, libraries, and settings included. This encapsulation ensures that the application works uniformly and consistently across different computing environments. Containers are more portable and use fewer resources than traditional hardware-based or full-machine virtualization approaches, such as virtual machines (VMs) because they share the host system’s kernel rather than requiring their own operating system. This technology is widely used to streamline and simplify the deployment of applications, enhance scalability, and improve security by isolating applications from each other and the underlying infrastructure.