Export Administration Regulations (EAR)
Export Administration Regulations (EAR): United States regulatory laws that govern the export and re-export of most commercial items, including “dual-use” items that can serve both commercial and military or proliferation applications. EAR is administered by the Bureau of Industry and Security under the US Department of Commerce and covers technologies such as computers, software, and […]
Exposure Factor (EF)
Exposure Factor (EF): A metric that represents the magnitude of loss or impact that a threat could have on a system or data. It’s quantified as a percentage of loss that a realized threat would have on a specific asset. For example, an EF of 0.2 (or 20%) for a specific threat would indicate that […]
Economic Espionage Act (EEA)
Economic Espionage Act (EEA): A US federal law that makes it a crime to steal or misappropriate trade secrets for the benefit of a foreign government, instrumentality, or agent. It is used to prosecute individuals or organizations that engage in industrial espionage or other forms of economic espionage. Examples include a company insider selling proprietary […]
EFT (Electronic Funds Transfer)
EFT (Electronic Funds Transfer): Refers to the digital transfer of money from one bank account to another, either within the same financial institution or across different institutions, via computer-based systems. EFTs include a variety of financial transactions, such as direct deposits, wire transfers, direct debits, online bill payments, and transactions initiated through credit or debit […]
EFTA (European Free Trade Association)
EFTA (European Free Trade Association): The European Free Trade Association (EFTA) is a regional trade organization and free trade area consisting of four European states – Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway, and Switzerland. It operates in parallel with the European Union (EU) and participates in the European Single Market while remaining outside of the EU. EFTA facilitates […]
ENISA (European Union Agency for Network and Information Security)
ENISA (European Union Agency for Network and Information Security): A European center of expertise for cybersecurity, established in 2004, that supports the EU and its Member States in improving their ability to prevent, detect, and respond to information security threats and cyber-attacks.