Benefits Realization: The process of identifying, planning, and managing the benefits of a project or program to ensure that they contribute to the organization's overall goals and strategic objectives. It focuses on achieving the expected enhancements in performance, service, and outcomes as a result of the project's deliverables.

Benign: In IT and cybersecurity, benign refers to software or activities that are not harmful to systems or data. While the term can apply to innocuous programs or files, it is also used to describe false positives in security alerts, where benign events are mistakenly flagged as threats.

Benign environment: A controlled environment with minimal risks. It is commonly used in testing, research, and development to create a controlled environment for experiments, evaluations, or simulations. Examples include a laboratory, a sandbox, and a virtual machine.

Best Practice: A procedure or set of procedures that is recognized as effective and efficient, typically representing the standard that should be aimed for in a particular area. In a security context, best practices could cover a wide range of areas, from password policies and access controls to incident response planning and system hardening. Adopting these practices can help organizations improve their security posture and mitigate potential risks.

Biba Model: A formal security model focused on maintaining data integrity within computer security systems. It employs a lattice-based access control to enforce integrity levels, ensuring that information from lower integrity levels does not contaminate higher ones. The model's rules include "No Read Up" (preventing reading data at higher integrity levels) and "No Write Down" (preventing writing data to lower integrity levels).

Big Data: Large and complex data sets that traditional data processing applications cannot handle effectively. Big Data often involves the three Vs. Volume (large amounts of data), Velocity (quickly generated or processed), and Variety (different types of data). It's used for advanced analytics and other data-driven applications.