The FREE Cybersecurity Glossary by Thor Pedersen!

Phreakers: Individuals who engage in the unauthorized access of telecommunication systems, such as telephone networks or voicemail systems. They may use special equipment or software to bypass security measures and gain access to restricted information or services. It is used in the field of information security to identify and prevent potential security breaches in telecommunications systems. 3 examples of phreaking activities are hacking into voicemail systems, making free long-distance calls, and accessing restricted phone numbers.

Physical access control: The measures put in place to restrict physical access to a facility, building, or device. This can include security guards, keycards, security cameras, and biometric scanners. It is used in the field of information security to prevent unauthorized individuals from gaining access to sensitive information or systems. 3 examples of physical access control measures are security guards at the entrance to a building, keycards for employees to access specific areas, and security cameras monitoring entrances and exits.

Physical access token: A physical access token is a tangible device that provides secure user authentication and access control to buildings, rooms, or information systems. These tokens store security credentials and can take various forms, such as key fobs, smart cards, or USB tokens. Examples include RFID badges for building access, tokens for two-factor authentication, and smart cards used in conjunction with personal identification numbers (PINs).

Physical addressing: The process of assigning a unique identifier, such as a MAC address or IP address, to each device on a network. This identifier enables devices to communicate by sending and receiving data, allowing them to be identified and located for communication purposes.

Physical controls: Security measures implemented in the physical environment to protect sensitive information from unauthorized access. These measures include locks, barriers, alarms, and surveillance cameras, aimed at deterring and detecting security threats. For example, locked doors and security cameras can prevent unauthorized entry to a building, while a password-protected login screen can secure information on a computer.

Physical Layer: The lowest layer of the OSI model, which defines the physical characteristics of a network, such as transmission media, connectors, and signaling methods. It ensures reliable and efficient data transmission across a network. Examples of physical layer components include network cables, network switches, and network adapters.