The FREE Cybersecurity Glossary by Thor Pedersen!

Collection of Evidence: The process of collecting evidence involves systematically gathering data and information that can help investigate and resolve a security incident or breach. This can include log files, network traffic data, copies of malicious software, or user access records. Proper handling and storage of collected evidence is crucial to maintaining its integrity and usability, especially if it is needed for legal proceedings.

Collision - Cryptography: In the context of cryptography, a collision refers to an event where two different input values yield the same hash output in a hash function. Such collisions undermine the cryptographic assurance that hash values are unique, thereby challenging data integrity and security. Robust cryptographic systems aim to minimize the likelihood of such occurrences.

Collision - Networking: In computer networking, a collision is an event where multiple data packets transmitted from different devices collide on a network segment. Collisions occur in half-duplex networks, typically Ethernet, leading to packet loss and requiring retransmission. To minimize collisions, collision detection algorithms like CSMA/CD (Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection) are employed.

Collusion: A situation where two or more entities (individuals, systems, or processes) unlawfully or maliciously cooperate to deceive or defraud. In terms of security, this could involve users sharing access credentials, systems working together to bypass security protocols, or processes being manipulated to allow unauthorized actions. Preventing collusion is an important aspect of maintaining robust security controls.

Command control (C&C) server: A computer or network that is used by attackers to remotely control and manage the activities of a network of infected computers, known as a botnet. C&C servers are used to send commands, receive data, and coordinate the activities of the botnet. Examples of C&C servers include DarkComet, Mirai, and TrickBot.

Command-line Interface (CLI): A user interface that allows users to interact with an operating system or software by typing text-based commands. It can provide a powerful tool for automating tasks, running scripts, or directly interacting with system files. In the hands of a skilled professional, the CLI can be an effective tool for system maintenance and troubleshooting, but it can also be a vector for executing malicious commands if accessed by an unauthorized user.