RAID 1 (Disk Mirroring): A RAID setup that copies identical data onto two or more disks (mirroring) to ensure data redundancy. If one disk fails, the data can be retrieved from the other mirror disk, providing fault tolerance. RAID 1 is ideal for applications requiring high availability.

RAID 51 (5+1): A RAID configuration that combines the features of RAID 5, which uses parity-based redundancy for fault tolerance, with RAID 1, which mirrors data for redundancy. This setup requires at least six drives and offers enhanced data protection by creating mirrored pairs of RAID 5 arrays.

RAID 5 (Striping with Parity): A popular RAID configuration that offers a balance between performance and redundancy. It stripes data across three or more disks and uses parity information to recover data in case of a single disk failure. RAID 5 is often used in servers and performance-oriented storage environments.

RAID 6 (Striping with Double Parity): Similar to RAID 5 but with additional fault tolerance, RAID 6 uses two sets of parity data, allowing it to withstand the failure of two disks. This setup requires a minimum of four disks and is used in environments where data availability and integrity are critical, despite the slight decrease in write performance due to the extra parity calculations.

Rainbow table: A pre-computed table of hashes used to crack password hashes. It is a common tool in the field of information security and is used to accelerate the process of cracking passwords. Examples include the use of rainbow tables to crack simple passwords, the use of rainbow tables to crack complex passwords, and the use of rainbow tables to crack hashed passwords.

Random Access Memory (RAM): A type of memory used in computers to store data and instructions that are currently being used or accessed. It is a crucial component of any computer system and is essential for efficient performance. Examples include the use of RAM to store operating system files, the use of RAM to store application data, and the use of RAM to store temporary data.