Base Registers: In computer architecture, Base Registers are special-purpose registers that hold the starting address of a memory segment. They play a critical role in memory management and protection, ensuring that memory accesses are within the permitted address space, thereby preventing unauthorized access or modification of data. Incorrect configuration of base registers can lead to security vulnerabilities, potentially allowing for privilege escalation, buffer overflows, or other forms of exploitation.

Basic Authentication: An authentication scheme that transmits a user's username and password across the network in an unencrypted format, often encoded with Base64. Due to its lack of security features, like encryption or tokenization, it's considered insecure for transmitting credentials over untrusted networks unless accompanied by a secure transport layer, such as HTTPS.

Bastion Host: A server strategically placed in a network's DMZ (demilitarized zone) to defend against external threats. The bastion host serves as a strongly secured entry point into the network and typically hosts a single application like a proxy server or VPN gateway.

Batch Control: A system or process used to monitor and manage a collection of tasks or transactions that are processed in a batch rather than individually. Batch control ensures the proper sequencing, integrity, and completeness of the operations, commonly used in financial, manufacturing, or data processing environments where a large volume of similar tasks needs to be handled efficiently.

Batch Processing: The execution of a series of jobs on a computer without manual intervention. In cybersecurity, batch processing must be handled securely, ensuring that sensitive data processed in batches maintains confidentiality and integrity and that access to batch processes is appropriately restricted and logged.

Baud rate: The speed of data transmission over a communication channel, measured in signal units per second. While it is sometimes used interchangeably with bits per second (bps), baud rate specifically refers to the number of signal changes or symbols transmitted per second, impacting the overall data transfer rate.