- Federal Privacy Act of 1974 (US) A United States federal law that establishes a code of fair information practices governing the collection, maintenance, use, and dissemination of personally identifiable information about individuals that is maintained in systems of records by federal agencies. It was enacted in response to concerns about how the creation and use of computerized databases might impact individuals' privacy rights. The Privacy Act requires federal agencies to share information about their records with individuals upon request and to follow various principles, known as "Fair Information Practices," about information collection, use, and disclosure. It also restricts the disclosure of personal data without the consent of the individual.
- Federated identity The means of linking a person's electronic identity and attributes stored across multiple distinct identity management systems. This method allows for users to use the same credentials across various systems and enterprises, improving the user experience, reducing administrative costs, and maintaining a high level of security for confidential information.
- Fence In a physical security context, a fence is a barrier used to enclose or secure an area, typically made from posts connected by boards, wire, or rails, and is designed to prevent intrusion or escape. In computing, fencing can refer to a network security measure that isolates a node or system to protect the rest of the network when a security issue is detected. It also refers to a method of multiprocessing to prevent data corruption by coordinating exclusive access to shared resources.
- FERPA (Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act) A United States federal law that protects the privacy of student education records. This law applies to all schools that receive funds through an applicable program of the US Department of Education, ensuring that parents have certain rights with respect to their children's education records, and these rights transfer to the student when he or she reaches the age of 18 or attends a school beyond the high school level.
- FHSS (Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum)A method of transmitting radio signals by shifting a carrier across numerous frequency channels in a pseudorandom sequence, known as the hopping pattern. This technique is used to avoid interference, prevent eavesdropping, and enable code-division multiple access (CDMA) communications. The recipient must be aware of the exact sequence to successfully receive the signal.
- Fiber Channel A high-speed network technology primarily used for storage networking. It's often used in data centers to connect servers to shared storage devices and for interconnecting storage controllers and drives. The technology provides one of the fastest transport mediums available for the SCSI protocol, which is widely used for storage area networks (SANs).
- Fiber Channel over Ethernet (FCoE) Fiber Channel over Ethernet (FCoE) is a storage networking protocol that encapsulates Fiber Channel frames over Ethernet networks. This convergence allows for the consolidation of network and storage infrastructure in data centers, reducing complexity and costs. FCoE operates on Ethernet networks that support a lossless transmission environment, necessary for handling Fiber Channel traffic.
- Fiber Distributed Data Interface (FDDI) Fiber Distributed Data Interface (FDDI) is a set of ISO and ANSI standards for data transmission on fiber optic lines in a local area network (LAN). However, FDDI technology is considered obsolete and has been largely replaced by Ethernet and other faster networking standards that support higher bandwidths and longer distances with more cost-effectiveness.
- Fiber Optic Cable A cable containing one or more optical fibers that are used to transmit data. Fiber optic cables have a core made from glass or plastic fibers that carry light to transmit data, enabling high-speed data transmission over longer distances with higher bandwidths than electrical cables. They are less susceptible to electromagnetic interference and signal loss, making them ideal for network backbones, telecommunications, and high-speed data connections in various environments.
- FICAM (Federal Identity, Credential, and Access Management) A US federal government initiative aimed at reducing cybersecurity risks and improving identity management. FICAM provides a comprehensive identity management framework to enable trusted digital interactions between individuals, devices, and government entities. It outlines best practices for issuing secure credentials and managing access to federal IT systems and resources aligned with federal regulations and standards. FICAM's goal is to enhance security, increase efficiency, and promote better privacy protections in the digital government landscape.
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