- Application Development Review The process of assessing an application during its development stage to ensure it meets specified requirements and standards. The review can cover various aspects, including design, coding, testing, and security practices. The aim is to detect and rectify any issues or vulnerabilities early in the development lifecycle, enhancing the quality and security of the final product.
- Application Hardening This is the process of securing an application by reducing its attack surface and minimizing potential vulnerabilities. Techniques include removing unused features, disabling unnecessary services, configuring robust security settings, and regularly updating the software to patch any known security issues. By hardening an application, organizations can better protect their systems and data from unauthorized access or exploitation.
- Application Implementation Review An assessment conducted to ensure that a newly deployed application meets its intended objectives and adheres to organizational policies and security standards. The review may involve examining the application's configuration, integration with other systems, and overall performance. This evaluation helps identify any issues or vulnerabilities that may have been introduced during deployment so they can be addressed promptly.
- Application Layer In the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model, the application layer is the 7th layer, which interfaces directly with end-user software applications to manage network communications. It is responsible for high-level protocols such as HTTP for web browsing, FTP for file transfers, and SMTP for email. In the simpler TCP/IP model, the application layer is often conceptualized as layer 4, which encompasses the functionalities of the OSI's application, presentation, and session layers. This topmost layer in the TCP/IP model enables user applications to interact with the network stack, ensuring that data is properly packaged for communication and interpreted upon receipt.
- Application-level encryption The process of encrypting data at the application level rather than at the network or transport level. It is used to protect sensitive information and ensure confidentiality, integrity, and availability. Examples include encrypting a password before storing it in a database, encrypting a file before sending it over the Internet, or encrypting credit card information before processing a transaction.
- Application-Level Gateway Firewall A type of firewall that operates at the application layer of a network's protocol stack. It filters incoming traffic to certain network services like FTP and Telnet servers and can inspect the actual content of the data packets, not just the source, destination, and port. This allows for a more thorough examination of the packet payload to detect malicious code or protocols, offering a higher level of security compared to other types of firewalls.
- Application or Managed Service Provider (ASP/MSP) These are companies that deliver software services, network management, system maintenance, or other computing services to customers over the Internet. This model allows businesses to access and use sophisticated technology without the need for substantial infrastructure investment or in-house expertise. It's crucial for ASPs/MSPs to maintain robust security measures to protect customer data and ensure the integrity of the services they provide.
- Application Programming Interface (API) A set of protocols and tools for building software and applications. An API specifies how software components should interact, serving as an intermediary that allows different programs to communicate with each other. They are often thought of as a translator who sits in between different applications and does not speak the same language.
- Application proxy A type of software that acts as an intermediary between a client and a server in order to provide security, performance, and functionality to the client. It is commonly used in network security to protect against cyber threats and to improve network performance. Examples of application proxies include web proxy, FTP proxy, and SOCKS proxy.
- Application security The practice of protecting applications from threats and vulnerabilities in order to ensure the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the information they process and store. It is a crucial aspect of cyber security and involves various measures such as access control, encryption, and vulnerability management. Examples of application security measures include firewalls, intrusion detection systems, and password policies.
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